Docker安装almalinux9.3容器并手动部署LNMP环境

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connect系 安装docker，dnf不支持connect7，直接用yum命令

yum install -y yum-utils
yum-config-manager \
    --add-repo \
    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
  • 安装 Docker Engine-Community
yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin
  • ————————————Debian Docker 安装————————————————————————–
apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg2 \
    software-properties-common
  • 安装最新版本的 Docker Engine-Community 和 containerd
apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

————————————Ubuntu Docker 安装————————————————————————–

apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg-agent \
    software-properties-common

安装 Docker Engine-Community

apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

启动 Docker。

systemctl start docker

开机自动启动：

systemctl enable docker

pull 载入 almalinux:9.3 镜像

docker pull almalinux:9.3

列出本地主机上的镜像

docker images

运行容器，-p 是容器端口映射到本地，–restart=always 开机自启，-v 容器路径下的内容映射到本地路径下，直接在本地/etc/nginx/修改。

docker run --privileged -itd -p 80:80 -p 443:443 --restart=always -v /etc/nginx/ssl:/etc/nginx/ssl -v /etc/nginx/html:/etc/nginx/html -v /etc/nginx/logs:/etc/nginx/logs -v /etc/nginx/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf/conf.d --restart=always --name almalinux eecc3c913b1e /usr/sbin/init
  • 安装bbr
echo "net.core.default_qdisc=fq" >> /etc/sysctl.conf && echo "net.ipv4.tcp_congestion_control=bbr" >> /etc/sysctl.conf && sysctl -p && lsmod | grep bbr

查看运行的容器

docker ps

停止一个容器

docker stop 容器ID

启动一个已停止的容器：

docker start 容器ID

进入容器

docker exec -it almalinux /bin/bash

docker修改时间不准

rpm -ivh https://rpmfind.net/linux/almalinux/9.6/BaseOS/x86_64/os/Packages/tzdata-2025b-1.el9.noarch.rpm
echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

退出 docker下镜像还保持镜像运行
键盘：

Ctrl+P+Q

进入容器后，进入容器后，进入容器后，手动部署LNMP环境

dnf update && dnf install gcc gcc-c++ zlib zlib-devel pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel libxslt libxslt-devel gd gd-devel make perl perl-devel tar vim nano wget
rpm -ivh https://rpmfind.net/linux/opensuse/distribution/leap/16.0/repo/oss/x86_64/geoipupdate-7.0.1-160000.2.1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh https://www.rpmfind.net/linux/opensuse/distribution/leap/15.6/repo/oss/noarch/GeoIP-data-1.6.12-6.3.1.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh https://rpmfind.net/linux/remi/enterprise/9/remi/x86_64/GeoIP-1.6.12-9.el9.remi.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh https://rpmfind.net/linux/remi/enterprise/9/remi/x86_64/GeoIP-devel-1.6.12-9.el9.remi.x86_64.rpm

下载/安装 openssl-3.5.2

wget -nc --no-check-certificate https://github.com/openssl/openssl/releases/download/openssl-3.5.2/openssl-3.5.2.tar.gz && tar -zxvf openssl-3.5.2.tar.gz

下载 nginx-1.28.0：

wget -nc --no-check-certificate https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz && tar -zxvf nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz

删除 nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz：

rm -rf nginx-1.28.0.tar.gz && rm -rf openssl-3.5.2.tar.gz && cd nginx-1.28.0

添加编译插件：

./configure --prefix=/etc/nginx \
    --with-threads \
    --with-file-aio \
    --with-http_ssl_module \
    --with-http_v2_module \
    --with-http_v3_module \
    --with-http_realip_module \
    --with-http_addition_module \
    --with-http_xslt_module=dynamic \
    --with-http_image_filter_module=dynamic \
    --with-http_geoip_module=dynamic \
    --with-http_sub_module \
    --with-http_dav_module \
    --with-http_flv_module \
    --with-http_mp4_module \
    --with-http_gunzip_module \
    --with-http_gzip_static_module \
    --with-http_auth_request_module \
    --with-http_random_index_module \
    --with-http_secure_link_module \
    --with-http_degradation_module \
    --with-http_slice_module \
    --with-http_stub_status_module \
    --with-cc-opt='-O3' \
    --with-cpu-opt=CPU \
    --with-pcre \
    --with-stream \
    --with-stream=dynamic \
    --with-stream_ssl_module \
    --with-stream_realip_module \
    --with-stream_geoip_module \
    --with-stream_geoip_module=dynamic \
    --with-stream_ssl_preread_module \
    --with-compat \
    --with-pcre-jit \
    --with-openssl-opt=enable-tls1_3 \
    --with-openssl=../openssl-3.5.2

编译/安装 nginx-1.28.0：

make && make install

配置nginx-1.28.0服务：

cat >/etc/systemd/system/nginx.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=A high performance web server and a reverse proxy server
Documentation=man:nginx(8)
After=network.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/etc/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/etc/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -q -g 'daemon on; master_process on;'
ExecStart=/etc/nginx/sbin/nginx -g 'daemon on; master_process on;'
ExecReload=/etc/nginx/sbin/nginx -g 'daemon on; master_process on;' -s reload
ExecStop=-/sbin/start-stop-daemon --quiet --stop --retry QUIT/5 --pidfile /etc/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
TimeoutStopSec=5
KillMode=mixed

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

添加配置文件：

mkdir -p /etc/nginx/ssl /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service.d && printf "[Service]\nExecStartPost=/bin/sleep 0.1\n" > /etc/systemd/system/nginx.service.d/override.conf

返回列表删除文件夹

cd .. && rm -rf nginx-1.28.0 openssl-3.5.2

安装wordpress

cd /etc/nginx/html && wget https://cn.wordpress.org/latest-zh_CN.zip && unzip latest-zh_CN.zip && mv wordpress/* /etc/nginx/html && rm -rf latest-zh_CN.zip wordpress && cd

安装nginx配置文件

vim /etc/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

在第一行添加

load_module /etc/nginx/modules/ngx_stream_module.so;
user  root;

http {

添加

include conf.d/default.conf;

include mime.types;

nano /etc/nginx/conf/conf.d/default.conf
# generated 2025-09-04, Mozilla Guideline v5.6, nginx 1.28.0, OpenSSL 3.5.2, intermediate config
# https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/#server=nginx&version=1.28.0&config=intermediate&openssl=3.5.2&guideline=5.6

#	include conf.d/stream.conf;
#	include conf.d/default.conf;

    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#    access_log  logs/access.log combined buffer=512k flush=1m;
    access_log off;
    error_log  logs/error.log;

    tcp_nopush     on;
    client_max_body_size 10240M;

    # 防止网站被嵌入恶意网页中，避免点击劫持
    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";

    # 启用浏览器XSS防护功能，并在检测到攻击时，停止渲染页面
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";

    # 禁止浏览器猜测（嗅探）资源的MIME类型，防止资源类型混淆攻击
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";

    # 控制引用地址信息的传递，增强隐私保护
    add_header Referrer-Policy "strict-origin-origin-when-cross-origin";

    server {
        listen 443 ssl;
        listen [::]:443 ssl;
        http2 on;
        ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/cert.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/key.pem;

        # HSTS (ngx_http_headers_module is required) (63072000 seconds)
        add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=63072000" always;
		location ~ \.php$ {
            fastcgi_pass   unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
            include        fastcgi_params;
        }
        location / {
            if ($host ~* "\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+") {
                return 500;
            }
            if ($host != "www.xxxxx.com"){
                return 500;
            }
            root   html;
            index  index.php index.html index.htm;
		}
    }

    # intermediate configuration
    ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ecdh_curve X25519:prime256v1:secp384r1;
    ssl_ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384;
    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers off;

    # see also ssl_session_ticket_key alternative to stateful session cache
    ssl_session_timeout 1d;
    ssl_session_cache shared:MozSSL:10m;  # about 40000 sessions

    # curl https://ssl-config.mozilla.org/ffdhe2048.txt > /etc/nginx/ssl/dhparam
    ssl_dhparam "/etc/nginx/ssl/dhparam";

    # HSTS
    server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        listen [::]:80 default_server;
        location / {
            if ($host ~* "\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+") {
                return 500;
            }
            if ($host != "www.xxxxx.com"){
                return 500;
            }
            return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
		}

    }

安装 php：

运行以下命令以安装EPEL存储库

dnf install -y https://mirrors.aliyun.com/remi/enterprise/remi-release-9.rpm

安装yum utils并使用以下命令启用remi-repository

dnf install -y https://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-9.rpm

安装dnf-utils和Remi-packages之后，通过运行命令搜索可下载的PHP模块。

dnf module list php

启用PHP 8.3模块。

dnf module enable php:remi-8.3

安装PHP 及扩展

dnf install php php-fpm php-bcmath php-cli php-common php-gd php-imap php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-mysql php-mysqlnd php-pdo php-soap php-tidy php-xml php-xmlrpc php-opcache php-redis php-pecl-mcrypt -y

安装完成后检查版本

php --version

安装 MariaDB

默认情况下，Rocky9 基础存储库中提供了 MariaDB。现在我们运行以下命令将 MariaDB 安装到您的系统

dnf install mariadb-server

安装完成后检查版本：

mariadb --version

修改/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
  • user = apache
  • group = apache
  • 改为
  • user = nginx
  • group = nginx

赋予html文件夹权限

chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/html

安装完成后，现在启用 PHP MariaDB（系统启动时自动启动），启动 MariaDB，并使用以下命令验证状态：

开启php：

systemctl start php-fpm

开启状态：

systemctl status php-fpm

开机自动启动：

systemctl enable php-fpm

重新启动：

systemctl restart php-fpm

开启mariadb：

systemctl start mariadb

开启状态：

systemctl status mariadb

开机自动启动：

systemctl enable mariadb

重新启动：

systemctl restart mariadb

mysql或MariaDB安全加固：
会设置密码，界面1直接回车，剩的都选Y：

mysql_secure_installation

root登录：

mysql -u root -p

创建数据库非root用户名密码：

create database wordpress; create user name@localhost identified by 'password';

授予权限：

grant all privileges on wordpress.* to name@localhost; flush privileges;
  • 修改登录密码无效
ALTER USER root@localhost IDENTIFIED VIA mysql_native_password USING PASSWORD("password");
  • 查看当前的数据库：
show databases;

退出：

exit

加载单元：

systemctl daemon-reload

开启nginx：

systemctl start nginx

开启状态：

systemctl status nginx

开机自动启动：

systemctl enable nginx

重新启动：

systemctl restart nginx

停止nginx：

service nginx stop

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